Complete book of printing process

The late process of printing design can improve the grade of printed matter, and graphic designers should master the knowledge. Although the late process of printing is not related to the designer, a detailed understanding of the late process of printing can enable graphic designers to grasp the effect of the finished product when designing samples, albums and other printed matter.

There are many graphic designers who do not understand or fully understand the post-printing process. Today, I take out the post-printing process, hoping to solve the confusion of many designers.

The post-printing process is mainly divided into the following types: laminating, binding, hot stamping (gold, silver), die cutting, indentation, embossing/concave, punching, marking, UV glazing, embossing, spot color printing, other processes (folding, pasting, glazing, gold rolling, waste discharge, pinhole line, etc.)

Tectorial membrane

definition
The plastic film is covered on the surface of the printed matter, and the adhesive is heated and pressurized to bond it together to form a printed matter processing technology combining paper and plastic. (Cover the print surface with a thin layer of polyethylene film)
sort
Light film, dumb film
peculiarity
The surface of the coated product is bright, strong expression, and is mostly used in product printed matter;
The products covered with matte film do not reflect the surface, elegant, and are mostly used in image prints.
Scope of application
More than 200g thickness of paper, in the case of solid color parts of the crease process must use the film process
Look out
128g paper is easy to roll due to different surface tension on both sides after single film coating; The color saturation of printed matter will decrease slightly after matte film;

bookbinding
There are five common ways of binding: riding nails, binding, locking wire binding, ring binding and hardcover mounting

Saddle tack
definition
Attach the book cover with pages, staple the spine and cut the book on three sides
peculiarity
Cheap, simple process, fast delivery, easy to cross page puzzle
Scope of application
The P number of the picture book bound by riding nails should be a multiple of "4", the binding thickness should be 157g coated paper, not more than 48P, and the finished product thickness is less than 4mm
Look out
When the weight of the cover and the text paper is different, the cover is easy to fall off from the binding

Plastic binding
definition
The book in the order of the page first cover and then paste, the spine of the book after the cover, cut into volumes
peculiarity
Cheap, beautiful, delivery cycle longer than riding nails
Scope of application
The P number of the bound album can not be a multiple of 4, the binding thickness of 157g coated paper, more than 48P, the thickness of the finished product is greater than 4mm, less than 30mm
Look out
It is difficult to open the page, not easy to cross the page puzzle, if the paper weight is high, it is easy to drop the page in use

Lock wire glue
definition
The book in the order of the page first set paste then paste, in the order of the thread binding into the core, the spine of the book after the glue cover, cut into a book
peculiarity
Elegant binding, high-grade, not easy to drop, easy to cross the page puzzle, but the production cycle is long
Scope of application
Binding thickness of 157g coated paper shall prevail, products above 48P should be wired, the thickness of the finished product is not limited
Look out
The production cycle is long and the cost is relatively high

Ring (plastic ring, iron ring)
definition
Cut and punch holes on each page of the book, arrange the pages in order, and then Pierce the ring to form the book
peculiarity
Strong and durable, can be turned 180 degrees or 360 degrees, flat
Scope of application
The binding thickness is 157g coated paper, and products above 16P should be used
Look out
The cost is higher, and it is very suitable for desk calendars and tool manuals that are often turned

Hardcover to mount
definition
The pages of the book are pasted back to back, cut neatly, and pasted on the cover
peculiarity
Elegant binding, do not fall off the page, durable, cross-page without jigsaw puzzle
Scope of application
The binding thickness is 157g coated paper, and products above 16P should be used
Look out
The use of single-side printing process, binding time is long, the general cover with Dutch board printed paper or binding paper, very suitable for recipes, postal albums, card books, etc., the cost is high

Hot stamping (gold, silver)
definition
A method of stamping metal foil onto printed material by means of a certain pressure and temperature
peculiarity
There is a metallic luster, opulence, is the printed picture produces a strong contrast.
Scope of application
Suitable for very prominent text or logo, mostly used for samples, greeting cards, invitations, wall calendars, desk calendars, etc
Look out
The process of matching convex and concave can produce more significant results. In addition to gold and silver, there are a variety of colors of bright light, matte, laser light gold foil can be selected

die-cutting
definition
The use of steel knife, steel wire arranged into a template, under the action of pressure to process the print into the required shape of the process
peculiarity
It produces abnormity and enhances expressiveness
Scope of application
It is suitable for products with more than 157g of paper as raw material, such as self-adhesive, trademark, gift box, related printing art, etc
Look out
Try to avoid patterns and lines close to the palpable tangent line, which is easy to exaggerate the palpable error

impression
definition
The use of steel knife, steel wire arranged into a template, under the action of pressure to process the surface of the printed matter into easy folding traces. For more than 200g of paper, even including 157g of single-color ink very thick prints, when you need to fold, there will often be cracks at the folding, affecting the quality of the product. It can be solved by indentation method.
peculiarity
For thicker paper, it is easy to fold after indentation to avoid cracks on the surface of the paper
Scope of application
Suitable for more than 200g paper
Look out
The indentation process is combined with the laminating process to complete the folding of high-weight paper

Convex/concave

bulging
definition
The convex template (positive template) is used to press the surface of the printed matter into a three-dimensional relief pattern (the printed matter is partially raised, so that it has a three-dimensional sense and forms a visual impact). It's called raising.
peculiarity
Can increase the sense of three-dimensional
Scope of application
Suitable for more than 200g paper, high weight special paper with obvious mechanism
Look out
With hot stamping, local UV and other processes, the effect is better

indentation
definition
The concave template (negative template) is used to imprint the surface of the printed matter into an embossed pattern with a sense of depression through the action of pressure (the printed matter is partially depressed to make it three-dimensional and form a visual impact). It's called indentation.
peculiarity
Can increase the sense of three-dimensional
Scope of application
Suitable for more than 200g paper, high weight special paper with obvious mechanism
Look out
With hot stamping, local UV and other processes, the effect is better, if the concave template is heated on the special hot melt paper will achieve extraordinary artistic effects

punching
definition
The use of relevant equipment through pressure to form holes on the printed matter, in order to facilitate binding or other processes, common oil square holes and round holes. (Punch holes to make prints easy to bind or for other processes such as stringing.)
peculiarity
More specific, more used in tag, document binding and so on
Scope of application
Suitable for various thicknesses of paper
Look out
The hole position is too close to the page edge, which is easy to tear after threading the rope

marking
definition
The use of relevant equipment to print various types of numbers on the printed product, in order to find and other special purpose processes
peculiarity
Easy to issue, register, search
Scope of application
Mostly used for coupons, tickets, tickets and so on
Look out
Generally with the mounting process, the printed matter is temporarily summarized in order of number

UV(ultraviolet light glue)
definition
A special process for full or partial curing of ultraviolet photoglue on the surface of printed matter
peculiarity
It can show a variety of artistic effects on the surface of the printed matter, so that the printed matter is more beautiful
Detailed classification
Thickened UV, frosted UV, colorful UV, glass beads, sprinkle seven-color powder
Scope of application
Book mounting, cover, cover, desk calendar, high-grade packaging, handbag and so on
Look out
If you use UV on the film, you need to use UV special film, otherwise UV easy to fall off, foaming, opening and other phenomena, with convex, hot stamping and other special process effect is better

Spot color printing
definition
By adjusting the ink ratio to form a special required color (this color is difficult to achieve through four-color printing), or purchase Pantone ink to meet the customer's specific color printing
peculiarity
Spot color printing color saturation, no dot, its color is far from four-color mixing can achieve
Scope of application
Logo, logo, VI standard color, etc
Customer specifies the required color
Look out
Before printing, it is necessary to provide specific color tickets in order to follow the color, and it is best to provide specific color values

Other processes

folding
Fold a sheet of printed matter that unfolds horizontally or vertically to form a beautiful folding page for increased readability and portability

paper
Some parts of the product are bonded to form the desired shape, such as envelopes, filing bags, packaging boxes, envelopes and handbags

Waste discharge
After die-cutting, the excess part of the product is removed, leaving genuine products and easy to take

Punch a pinhole
Rows of holes are left on the printed surface for easy tearing, such as the joints of stamps, tickets and coupons

glazing
It is coated with special glazing liquid on printed matter. It has poor wear resistance and short gloss retention time. It is generally used in printed matter text

gilding
On the cut of books, books and cards, the process of hot coloring with gold materials and special tools is to show a layer of golden color on the cut of books or books